This article needs additional citations for. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009) The football helmet is a piece of used mainly in and. It consists of a shell with thick padding on the inside, a made of one or more plastic-coated metal bars, and a chinstrap. Each position has a different type of face mask to balance protection and visibility, and some players add visors to their helmets, which are used to protect their eyes from glare and impacts. Helmets are a requirement at all levels of organized football, except for non-tackle variations such as. Although they are protective, players can and do still suffer head injuries such as.

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Football team, turn of the 20th century Invention One of the first instances of football headgear dates to when halfback began to use straps and earpieces to protect his ears. It is not certain who invented the football helmet. Many sources give credit for the creation of the helmet to, while other sources credit (later to become the 'Father of Carrier Aviation'), who had a protective device for his head made out of mole skin to allow him to play in the 1893.

Reeves had been advised by a Navy doctor that another kick to his head would result in 'instant insanity' or even death, so he commissioned an Annapolis shoemaker to make him a helmet out of leather. Later, helmets were made of padded leather and resembled aviators' helmets or modern day. At least in professional football, they were optional. Some players, notably, played all or most of their careers without a helmet.

Early years One innovation from the early 1900s period was hardened leather. 1917 marked the first time helmets were raised above the head in an attempt to direct blows away from the top of the head. Ear flaps also had their downfall during this period as they had little ventilation and made it difficult for players to hear. The 1920s marked the first time that helmets were widely used in the sport of football. These helmets were made of leather and had some padding on the inside, but the padding was insufficient and provided little protection. In addition, they lacked face masks.

As a result, injuries were very common. Early helmets also absorbed a lot of heat, making them very uncomfortable to wear. A leather football helmet believed to have been worn by while playing for the between 1932 and 1934. In 1939, the Company of Chicago, Illinois started manufacturing plastic helmets because it felt that plastic helmets would be safer than those made of leather.

Plastic was found to be more effective because it held its shape when full collision contact occurred on a play. These helmets were also much more comfortable and had more padding to cushion the head in an impact.

Included with the plastic helmet came plastic face mask, which allowed the helmet to protect the entire head. By the mid-1940s, helmets were required in the.

They were still made of leather, but with improved manufacturing techniques had assumed their more familiar spherical shape. The NFL initially allowed either plastic or leather helmets, but in 1948 the league outlawed the plastic helmet, considering the hard-plastic material to be an injury risk. The NFL repealed this rule in 1949, and by 1950, the plastic helmet had become universal in that league. Introduction of advanced materials By the 1950s, the introduction of polymers ended the leather helmet era. The last leather helmet manufacturer, MacGregor, ceased production of leather helmets in the mid-1960s. The NFL also recommended face masks for players in 1955, reducing the number of broken noses and teeth, but also necessitating new rules prohibiting opposing players from grabbing the face mask. By varying accounts, either or was the last to forgo the facemask; among non-kickers, was the last to do so.

Strength Training for Athletes: Does It Really Help Sports Performance? McGuigan, Glenn A. Wright, and Steven J. Fleck The use of strength training designed to increase underlying strength and power qualities in elite athletes in an attempt to improve athletic performance is commonplace. Weight training is part of a comprehensive training program for football. Use this generic program for body contact football sports, including American football, Rugby, and Australian football. It does not necessarily include football (soccer), although elements of the program could apply to soccer weight training. Weight Training Program Football Kickers Face. 7/4/2017 0 Comments. Sprint training is an excellent way to build muscle, burn fat and calories, and raise your metabolic rate, and it was the favored training method of sports legends such as Jerry Rice and Walter Payton. One of the best things about it is that you can do this training in only.

Modern helmet components. One-bar face masks The one-bar face mask was once common but its use has been supplanted in professional and amateur sport. For example, it has been illegal in the since, but a allowed players who wore the mask prior to 2004 to continue to do so for the remainder of their careers. No current professional player currently wears such a face mask; the last player to do so was, who last played professionally in 2009. Typically, by the mid-1980s only and in professional football in Canada and the United States wore the one-bar face mask, a notable exception being.

The one-bar had two different variations. The standard one-bar was made from nylon or other hard plastic and was bolted to both side of the helmet just in front of the earholes. There was a 'snub' version that did not extend as far out in front of the helmet as the standard.

Face masks for football helmets today are multibar. The multibar facemasks are typically constructed out of metal, such as titanium, stainless steel, or most commonly carbon steel. Each facemask is coated with Polyarmor G17, a powder coating that is resistant to impact and corrosion.

The Polyarmor is a thermoplastic coating used on a number of surfaces. While some organizations purchase new face masks every season, others have their equipment reconditioned. Recent designs In 2002, American football equipment manufacturer released a new design of helmet called the Revolution. The newer design was released in response to a study on concussions. In addition, Riddell has recently come out with a new design of helmets, the Riddell Speed Flex.

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This helmet came out in 2014. This new helmet uses elements of Riddell's older helmets, the 360 and the Revolution, such as Side Impact Protection and All Points Quick Release face mask attachment system. Iowa St Riddell Speed Helmet In, announced the arrival of a next generation helmet, the Schutt ION 4D. This next generation design was in response to the demand for a safer football helmet. The design includes an integrated face guard.

This new face guard design features shock absorbing 'Energy Wedges' that reduce the force of impacts to the face guard. College teams wearing the helmet include, and. Schutt has also distinguished between their varsity helmets and youth helmets. The varsity helmets from Schutt are made with polycarbonate, which is a very strong polymer designed to take bigger hits. The Schutt youth helmets however; are made from ABS, which is a lighter material, meant for kids who do not take as powerful of hits.

Recently, a brand new type of helmet has come into play. Vicis is a new company that is producing helmets that have a softer outer layer.

The softer layer absorbs more energy from impacts. In addition, the inside of the helmet also has a foam like substance which absorbs energy and improves comfort. Safety research and testing NOCSAE certification. Main article: Rules in place for NFL, NCAA, and high school football require that all helmets be certified by the. Reliance on NOCSAE certification has been criticized on numerous grounds, including that organization's control by equipment manufacturers causes a conflict of interest, testing data that focuses on skull fractures instead of concussions, and failure to take into account new research. The most common NOCSAE test is the drop test. This test uses a 13-pound dummy head full of sensors and a gelatin material.

The head and helmet is dropped from a height of 60 at one of the six NOCSAE specified locations on the helmet. These locations include the front, rear, left side, right side, right boss, and left boss. The sensors in the dummy head measure the amount of force that the head experiences. The NOCSAE has certain regulations such as the peak severity index can never more than1200 SI. If a helmet fails to meet these requirements, they do not pass the NOCSAE drop test. Current research There has been significant study/research regarding head injuries in football, as well as football helmet design in recent years., a professor at and a, has for many years been researching of all age groups. He has been equipping UNC football helmets with accelerometers to measure impacts and concussions.

Also, the has awarded over $1.6 million in sports medical research, almost $1 million of which has been toward concussion prevention. All this concussion prevention research has led football helmet manufacturers to develop safer products. A joint effort between and has been testing current football helmets and giving them yearly ratings since 2011. On a scale out of 5 stars, only one helmet was awarded a 5 in 2011.

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In 2012, two additional helmet designs were awarded 5 stars. Controversies revolving around football helmets always regard their ability to decrease head/brain injury rates, including concussions.

However, recent research has begun to assess the tests specifically employed to create the safest football equipment. In 2015, David Camarillo at Stanford conducted a study that suggested football helmet tests did not account for the delay between injury-causing brain movement and stress impact. Other research Neuroscientists at Ohio State University launched baseballs from air cannons at football helmets in order to simulate a kick or blow to the head such as a tackle. It was found that the helmets could withstand 2,500 Newtons or about 562 pounds of force. Vijay Gupta, a professor at UCLA, has done research and produced a special polymer that if added as a layer on the inside of football helmets can produce up to a 25% decrease in the g-forces a player would experience.

This reduction of forces would produce a similar amount of reduction of the probability of a player suffering a concussion from the same hits. Logo display National Football League In 1948, the were the first NFL team to put logos on their helmets; the basic 'ram's horn' logo on the helmet has remained mostly the same, except for color, ever since.

Weight Training Program Football Kickers In 1900s 2017

As of 2017 the are the last remaining NFL teams not using any form of primary logo on its helmets. The are the only NFL team that puts its logo on only one side of the helmet (the right side), while the, after using a wordmark for a helmet logo into the 1980s, use a striping pattern instead of a logo. See also.

References Notes. Past Time Sports.

Retrieved 2011-02-02. Factory Made television program, segment entitled 'Football helmets',. Shwartz, Alan. 'Helmet Design Absorbs Shock in a New Way' The New Your Times.

Retrieved 2017-05-14. University of Denver. 'Most concussions deliver 95 g's, neuropsychologist says.' ScienceDaily, 25 June 2010. Retrieved 2017-05-14. Retrieved 2017-05-14. Retrieved 2017-05-14.

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Albergotti, Reed and Wang, Shirley S. 'Is it time to retire the football helmet?' (November 11, 2009). Bhattacharji, Alex. 'Helmet History' (October 1996). Copeland, Michael V.

'Crash Pad' (February 8, 2010) p.8. Schwartz, Alan. 'Concussion- New Football Helmet Design' (October 27, 2007).

Tucker, Andrew M. 'Football players head injuries' House Judiciary FDCH Congressional Testimony (October 28, 2009). Zarda, Brett. 'Butting Heads' (September 2007) External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to.